Many birders got their first personal interactions with avian wildlife by feeding ducks at local parks, and knowing what to feed ducks can help provide the birds with a healthy diet so future generations can enjoy this activity.
To Feed or Not to Feed
Feeding ducks and waterfowl is a topic of great debate among birders, conservationists and city officials. There are many bird feeding myths related to ducks, including the idea that feeding the birds will inhibit their migration. In truth, many waterfowl species are year-round residents of city parks and similar habitats, and they will remain there whether or not they are hand fed. Too much feeding, on the other hand, is unhealthy for the birds and can create excess waste and pollution that can destroy waterfowl habitats.
It is important to realize that waterfowl are capable of fending for themselves and do not require human handouts to survive. Individuals who do want to feed the ducks, however, can do so by offering nutritious treats to supplement the birds’ wild diet.
What Not to Feed Ducks
The most common items fed to ducks and waterfowl are also the least nutritious and most unhealthy: bread, chips, crackers, popcorn and similar bread-type products. Feeding ducks bread is bad because the food has little nutritional value and can harm ducklings’ growth, pollute waterways and attract rodents and other pests. Similarly, ducks should not be fed any products that are spoiled or moldy; different types of mold can be fatal to waterfowl. Fortunately, there are many other types of food that can be offered to ducks, geese and swans as part of a healthy and nutritious diet.
Good Foods for Ducks
The best foods for ducks are those that provide the nutrients, minerals and vitamins the birds need for healthy growth and development. Many of these foods are similar to the natural seeds, grains and plants the birds will forage on their own. The best foods to offer ducks include:
- Cracked corn
- Wheat
- Barley
- Oats
- Milo
- Birdseed
- Grapes (cut in half)
- Frozen peas or corn (defrosted)
- Earthworms
- Chopped lettuce
- Vegetable trimmings or peels (chopped)
Duck feed pellets or poultry starter pellets are another great option, and they can be purchased from farming or agricultural supply stores.
Tips for Feeding Ducks
If you do choose to feed ducks and waterfowl at local ponds, the best tactic is to visit rarely so the birds are not getting excess food that would be unhealthy for them or their environment. Other tips for feeding ducks include:
- Stop feeding if the birds appear uninterested or are leaving the food uneaten.
- Be wary of birds that approach closely and remember that they can still be aggressive.
- Dispose of all trash properly, including bags, twist ties and unsuitable scraps.
- Do not allow pets or children to chase or disturb the birds.
- Always check city ordinances that restrict or prohibit feeding ducks or waterfowl, and obey all local laws.
Feeding ducks, geese and swans at local ponds and parks can be a controversial topic, but it can also be an enchanting wildlife experience. By knowing what to feed ducks as part of a nutritious and responsible diet, birders can enjoy this activity without inadvertently harming the birds.
Photo – Mallards Feeding © danibelle2906
